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Double Jeopardy

The Double Jeopardy Clause in the Fifth Amendment to the US Constitution prohibits anyone from being prosecuted twice for substanially the same crime. See, e.g. United States v. Ursery, 518 US 267 (1996).

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A is accused the theft of a watch from a store.  He is arrested, charged and tried, but the jury acquits him.  Any attempt to charge him again with the same crime would be a violation of double jeopardy, and unconstitutional.