Economic torts, also known as business torts, refer to a bundle of torts that come up from business transactions and are probable to result in pure economic loss. They include fraud, negligent misrepresentation, interference with contractual...
standards of tort liability
efficiency
Efficiency refers to a result that yields the largest possible net benefit. To find the most efficient decision or legal rule, a cost-benefit analysis should be done for every available option. The strength of any argument about efficiency...
eggshell skull
“Eggshell skull” refers to a legal doctrine, which holds that a defendant’s liability in a tort claim is not mitigated by a plaintiff’s unforeseeable, pre-existing susceptibility to injury. Under the doctrine, a defendant is liable for any...
eggshell skull rule
The eggshell skull rule, also known as the thin skull rule, is a common law doctrine that makes a defendant liable for the plaintiff's unforeseeable and uncommon reactions to the defendant's negligent or intentional tort. If the defendant...
emergency doctrine
The common-law emergency doctrine, also called the imminent-peril doctrine; sudden-emergency doctrine; sudden-peril doctrine; sudden-peril rule, is a legal principle excusing a person from the ordinary standard of reasonable care if he or she...
emotional distress
Emotional distress refers to mental suffering as an emotional response to an experience that arises from the effect or memory of a particular event, occurrence, pattern of events or condition. Emotional distress can usually be discerned from...
entity liability
In business law, entity liability is when a corporation is treated as an independent legal entity, and should be held liable for the liabilities incurred by the business.
The concept of entity liability allows a corporation...
evaluative fact
An evaluative fact is a fact that is plugged into a rule of law to determine if an action was reasonable or negligent. Here are some examples:
Scenario 1: A is driving their car down the road and runs a red light, hitting B...
ex delicto
Ex delicto is a catch-all term that refers to the consequences of a tortious action and sometimes a criminal action. Ex delicto is to be contrasted with the other Latin term ex contractu which refers to the consequences from breaching a...
excessive force
Excessive force refers to force in excess of what a police officer reasonably believes is necessary. A police officer may be held liable for using excessive force in an arrest, an investigatory stop, or other seizures. A police officer may also be...