A civil case is a private, non-criminal lawsuit, usually involving private property rights, including respecting rights stated under the Constitution or under federal or state law. For example, lawsuits involving breach of contract, probate,...
labor law
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex (including pregnancy), and religion in employment, education, and access to public facilities and public accommodations...
closed shop
A closed shop is an arrangement whereby a place of employment requires current membership in a specific union as a condition of employment. While initially permitted, the practice of closed shops has since been outlawed by the Taft-Hartley...
COBRA
COBRA, or the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act, is a federal statute, passed in 1985, that provides employees and their families the right to continue group health benefits under an employers group health plan if their work...
coercive statement by an employer
Coercive statement by an employer refers to when employers illegally attempt to pressure employees to not participate in union activities. Under the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), an employer may not make any coercive statement that...
collective bargaining
Collective bargaining is the negotiation process between an employer and a union comprised of workers to create an agreement that will govern the terms and conditions of the workers' employment.
The result of collective...
Collyer doctrine
The Collyer doctrine is a doctrine in labor law which states that the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) will defer charges (ie. unfair labor practices) to a contractually agreed upon dispute resolution method so long as certain conditions...
compensation
Compensation is payment or remuneration for work or services performed or for harm suffered (see also damages).
Workers’ compensation laws, for example, protect employees who suffer some harm in the course of their...
Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)
The Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act, also known as COBRA, is a federal statute, passed in 1985, that provides employees and their families the right to continue group health benefits under an employers group health plan if...
constructive discharge
Constructive discharge occurs when an employee quits their job in response to working conditions that are so poor that no reasonable person would stay. Like other “constructive” variants, constructive discharge functions in the eyes of the...