Fringe benefits are various non-wage employee benefits that are in addition to normal wages. Some fringe benefits are exempt from tax, provided certain conditions are satisfied. Section 132 of the Internal Revenue Code lists all the fringe...
group rights
fundamental right
Overview
Fundamental rights are a group of rights that have been recognized by the Supreme Court as requiring a high degree of protection from government encroachment. These rights are specifically identified in the Constitution (especially...
genocide
Genocide is one of the greatest crimes under international law, often called the "crime of crimes" after the Nuremburg Trials. According to Article 2 of the 1948 United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of...
gerrymander
Gerrymandering occurs when political or electoral districts are drawn with the purpose of giving one political group an advantage over another. This practice often results in districts with bizarre or strange shapes. The term gerrymander...
Gitlow v. New York (1925)
Gitlow v. New York is a U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that the First Amendment right to free speech applied to state laws under the Fourteenth Amendment. However, the Supreme Court held that fundamental rights, including...
grandfather clause
Grandfather clause refers to a section of a law, regulation, or other legal document that limits how changes will be applied to legal relations and activities existing prior to the change. When laws and regulations go through major changes,...
grandfathered in
Grandfathered in refers to conduct that receives the benefit of a grandfather clause, allowing this conduct to receive the treatment of prior laws or rules. After legal changes, most conduct will have to abide by the new rules, but many who...
green card
A green card, officially known as a Permanent Resident Card, is the common term used to describe a permanent resident card. The green card allows its holders to live and work permanently in the United States.
This plastic...
Hamdi v. Rumsfeld (2004)
Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, 542 U.S. 507, is a U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that even people detained as enemy combatants have the constitutional right to challenge their detention before a neutral decision maker.
...hate crime
A hate crime is a criminal act motivated by another person's (usually the victim's) race, color, religion, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability. It is also called a bias crime. A hate crime can be a crime...