In general, insolvent individuals have the choice of either a chapter 7 or chapter 13 bankruptcy, each governed by the United States Bankruptcy Code. Chapter 13 of the Bankruptcy Code is titled "Adjustment of Debts of an Individual with...
corporations
Chapter 13 plan
Chapter 13 of the United States Bankruptcy Code allows individuals with regular income to develop a plan to repay some or all of their debts. Debtors are required under this chapter to propose a repayment plan to make installment payments...
Chapter 7 bankruptcy
Overview
When a debtor becomes insolvent and the bankruptcy proceeding begins, the debtor will either liquidate its assets or reorganize its debts. The liquidation route is governed by Chapter 7 of the Bankruptcy Code.
In a...
charitable organization
A charitable organization is a nonprofit organization that seeks to advance some public benefit. Public benefit includes a broad range of areas such as education, poverty alleviation, scientific research, environment, diversity, religion, and...
charity
A charity is a nonprofit organization whose efforts are focused on aiding those in need. This can take several forms, which can be local or international in scope. Some raise money or provide services like food, clothing, or shelter to...
charter
First, a charter can be defined broadly as the highest law of an entity. More specifically:
In corporate law, the articles of incorporation. In public law, the instrument by which a municipality is incorporated (e.g., city charter...churn
Churn, in the context of stock trading, means making numerous risky and excessive transactions to generate high commissions against the customer's character of account and objectives by a broker.
See: Churning
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Clayton Antitrust Act
The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, codified at 15 U.S.C. 12-27, is one of the primary pieces of antitrust legislation in the United States. This act was designed to bolster the Sherman antitrust Act and outlaws the following conduct:
...close corporation
A close corporation is a corporation which is held by a limited number of shareholders and is not publicly traded. A close corporation can generally be run directly by the shareholders (without a formal board of directors and without a formal...
closely held corporation
A closely held corporation is a corporation which is owned by an individual or small group of shareholders, who are often members of the same family. Shares of a closely held corporation are generally not traded in the securities market(s)....