In 1988, the United States government contracted with McDonnell Douglas Corporation (“McDonnell Douglas”) and General Dynamics Corporation (“General Dynamics”), two defense contractors. See McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. United States, 567 F.3d 1340, 1342...
national security
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On June 7, 2010, Sergio Adrian Hernandez Guereca (“Sergio”), a 15-year-old Mexican citizen, was playing a game with his friends at a cement culvert on the border between Ciudad Juarez, Mexico and El Paso, Texas. Hernandez v. United States at 255. The...
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The United States Navy uses mid-frequency active ("MFA") sonar to detect submerged submarines. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. v. Winter, 518 F.3d 658, 664 (9th Cir. 2008) (hereinafter NRDC). To discover such submarines, a Navy vessel emits a...